The Taming of the Shrew Study Guide

Induction, Scene 1

Before an alehouse on a heath

Scene Summary

The scene opens outside an alehouse where the drunken tinker Christopher Sly is ejected by the Hostess after refusing to pay for broken glasses. Sly boasts of his noble lineage and falls asleep on the ground. A Lord returning from hunting discovers Sly and, amused by his degraded state, devises an elaborate prank: Sly will be carried to a fine chamber, dressed in rich clothes, and attended as though he were a great nobleman who has recovered from madness.

A troupe of travelling players arrives seeking lodging. The Lord welcomes them and recruits them into his scheme, warning them not to laugh at Sly's strange behaviour. He then instructs his page Bartholomew to dress as a lady and pose as Sly's devoted wife, even suggesting an onion to produce convincing tears if needed.

Translation Style
✨ Character Voice Translations PREMIUM
Original Text
[Enter Hostess and SLY] SLY I'll pheeze you, in faith. HOSTESS A pair of stocks, you rogue! SLY Ye are a baggage: the Slys are no rogues; look in the chronicles; we came in with Richard Conqueror. Therefore paucas pallabris; let the world slide: sessa! HOSTESS You will not pay for the glasses you have burst? SLY No, not a denier. Go by, Jeronimy: go to thy cold bed, and warm thee. HOSTESS I know my remedy; I must go fetch the third--borough. [Exit] SLY Third, or fourth, or fifth borough, I'll answer him by law: I'll not budge an inch, boy: let him come, and kindly. [Falls asleep] [Horns winded. Enter a Lord from hunting, with his train] LORD Huntsman, I charge thee, tender well my hounds: Brach Merriman, the poor cur is emboss'd; And couple Clowder with the deep--mouth'd brach. Saw'st thou not, boy, how Silver made it good At the hedge-corner, in the coldest fault? I would not lose the dog for twenty pound. FIRST HUNTSMAN Why, Belman is as good as he, my lord; He cried upon it at the merest loss And twice to-day pick'd out the dullest scent: Trust me, I take him for the better dog. LORD Thou art a fool: if Echo were as fleet, I would esteem him worth a dozen such. But sup them well and look unto them all: To-morrow I intend to hunt again. FIRST HUNTSMAN I will, my lord. LORD What's here? one dead, or drunk? See, doth he breathe? SECOND HUNTSMAN He breathes, my lord. Were he not warm'd with ale, This were a bed but cold to sleep so soundly. LORD O monstrous beast! how like a swine he lies! Grim death, how foul and loathsome is thine image! Sirs, I will practise on this drunken man. What think you, if he were convey'd to bed, Wrapp'd in sweet clothes, rings put upon his fingers, A most delicious banquet by his bed, And brave attendants near him when he wakes, Would not the beggar then forget himself? FIRST HUNTSMAN Believe me, lord, I think he cannot choose. SECOND HUNTSMAN It would seem strange unto him when he waked. LORD Even as a flattering dream or worthless fancy. Then take him up and manage well the jest: Carry him gently to my fairest chamber And hang it round with all my wanton pictures: Balm his foul head in warm distilled waters And burn sweet wood to make the lodging sweet: Procure me music ready when he wakes, To make a dulcet and a heavenly sound; And if he chance to speak, be ready straight And with a low submissive reverence Say 'What is it your honour will command?' Let one attend him with a silver basin Full of rose-water and bestrew'd with flowers, Another bear the ewer, the third a diaper, And say 'Will't please your lordship cool your hands?' Some one be ready with a costly suit And ask him what apparel he will wear; Another tell him of his hounds and horse, And that his lady mourns at his disease: Persuade him that he hath been lunatic; And when he says he is, say that he dreams, For he is nothing but a mighty lord. This do and do it kindly, gentle sirs: It will be pastime passing excellent, If it be husbanded with modesty. FIRST HUNTSMAN My lord, I warrant you we will play our part, As he shall think by our true diligence He is no less than what we say he is. LORD Take him up gently and to bed with him; And each one to his office when he wakes. [Some bear out SLY. A trumpet sounds] Sirrah, go see what trumpet 'tis that sounds: [Exit Servingman] Belike, some noble gentleman that means, Travelling some journey, to repose him here. [Re-enter Servingman] How now! who is it? SERVANT An't please your honour, players That offer service to your lordship. LORD Bid them come near. [Enter Players] Now, fellows, you are welcome. PLAYERS We thank your honour. LORD Do you intend to stay with me tonight? A PLAYER So please your lordship to accept our duty. LORD With all my heart. This fellow I remember, Since once he play'd a farmer's eldest son: 'Twas where you woo'd the gentlewoman so well: I have forgot your name; but, sure, that part Was aptly fitted and naturally perform'd. A PLAYER I think 'twas Soto that your honour means. LORD 'Tis very true: thou didst it excellent. Well, you are come to me in a happy time; The rather for I have some sport in hand Wherein your cunning can assist me much. There is a lord will hear you play to-night: But I am doubtful of your modesties; Lest over-eyeing of his odd behavior,-- For yet his honour never heard a play-- You break into some merry passion And so offend him; for I tell you, sirs, If you should smile he grows impatient. A PLAYER Fear not, my lord: we can contain ourselves, Were he the veriest antic in the world. LORD Go, sirrah, take them to the buttery, And give them friendly welcome every one: Let them want nothing that my house affords. [Exit one with the Players] Sirrah, go you to Barthol'mew my page, And see him dress'd in all suits like a lady: That done, conduct him to the drunkard's chamber; And call him 'madam,' do him obeisance. Tell him from me, as he will win my love, He bear himself with honourable action, Such as he hath observed in noble ladies Unto their lords, by them accomplished: Such duty to the drunkard let him do With soft low tongue and lowly courtesy, And say 'What is't your honour will command, Wherein your lady and your humble wife May show her duty and make known her love?' And then with kind embracements, tempting kisses, And with declining head into his bosom, Bid him shed tears, as being overjoy'd To see her noble lord restored to health, Who for this seven years hath esteem'd him No better than a poor and loathsome beggar: And if the boy have not a woman's gift To rain a shower of commanded tears, An onion will do well for such a shift, Which in a napkin being close convey'd Shall in despite enforce a watery eye. See this dispatch'd with all the haste thou canst: Anon I'll give thee more instructions. [Exit a Servingman] I know the boy will well usurp the grace, Voice, gait and action of a gentlewoman: I long to hear him call the drunkard husband, And how my men will stay themselves from laughter When they do homage to this simple peasant. I'll in to counsel them; haply my presence May well abate the over-merry spleen Which otherwise would grow into extremes. [Exeunt]
Modern English
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The Induction establishes the play's central preoccupation with identity and social performance. Sly's opening boast — that the Slys "came in with Richard Conqueror" — is simultaneously comic and revealing: he misnames William the Conqueror yet insists on aristocratic lineage, demonstrating how class identity is constructed through narrative rather than fact. His drunken defiance of the Hostess and his legal bluster («I'll answer him by law») show a man who performs a dignity he does not possess, anticipating the Lord's plan to impose a false identity upon him from without.

The Lord's long speech orchestrating the deception is the scene's rhetorical centrepiece. Its elaborate catalogue of props — rose-water, silver basins, costly suits, music — functions as a kind of stage direction for theatrical illusion, and Shakespeare deliberately blurs the line between the Lord's household and a theatre company. The Lord is, in effect, a playwright and director; the servants are actors; Sly is the unwitting audience who will become a character. This metatheatrical framing invites the audience to reflect on their own susceptibility to theatrical persuasion.

The Lord's simile — "Even as a flattering dream or worthless fancy" — is crucial. It frames the entire deception as analogous to the experience of watching a play: pleasurable, immersive, and ultimately illusory. The word "flattering" carries moral weight, linking theatrical pleasure to self-deception, a theme that will echo in Petruchio's later manipulation of Katherina.

The cross-dressing subplot — Bartholomew dressed as Sly's "lady" — introduces the motif of gender performance that runs throughout the main plot. The Lord's practical instruction about the onion to produce "commanded tears" is darkly comic: it reduces feminine emotional expression to a mechanical trick, suggesting that femininity itself is a performance that can be taught, rehearsed, and faked. This foreshadows the play's interrogation of what it means to be a "tamed" wife.

Structurally, the Induction creates a play-within-a-play frame that distances the audience from the main action and signals that what follows is consciously artificial. By showing us the machinery of deception before the main plot begins, Shakespeare encourages a sceptical, self-aware spectatorship — we are never allowed to forget that identity, gender, and social rank are costumes that can be put on and taken off.

"we came in with Richard Conqueror." — Sly (Induction 1)

"O monstrous beast! how like a swine he lies! Grim death, how foul and loathsome is thine image!" — Lord (Induction 1)

"Even as a flattering dream or worthless fancy." — Lord (Induction 1)

"And if the boy have not a woman's gift To rain a shower of commanded tears, An onion will do well for such a shift," — Lord (Induction 1)

"I long to hear him call the drunkard husband, And how my men will stay themselves from laughter When they do homage to this simple peasant." — Lord (Induction 1)

"It will be pastime passing excellent, If it be husbanded with modesty." — Lord (Induction 1)

"Persuade him that he hath been lunatic; And when he says he is, say that he dreams, For he is nothing but a mighty lord." — Lord (Induction 1)

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✎ Mr. Shifflett's Note
Mr. Shifflett
Mr. Shifflett
English Teacher · Seoul International School
Hey! I built this study guide and sprinkled my own teaching notes throughout — look for the gold highlights ✎ as you read.

These are the same insights I share with my students in class. I hope they help you see what makes Shakespeare's writing so brilliant. Enjoy!
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