This scene operates as the comic machinery of the Bianca subplot at its most elaborate. Shakespeare layers deception upon deception: Tranio impersonates Lucentio, the Pedant impersonates Vincentio, and Biondello acts as the conspirators' go-between, all while the real Lucentio stands on stage in his own disguise as Cambio. The audience's privileged awareness of every layer of fraud generates sustained dramatic irony, since Baptista negotiates in complete good faith with men who are entirely fictitious in the roles they play.The scene's language of commerce and contract is conspicuous. Words such as 'patrimony,' 'dower,' 'assurance,' 'debts,' and 'agreement' saturate the negotiation, framing marriage as a financial transaction rather than a romantic union. This mercantile register exposes the commodification of women latent in Paduan society: Bianca is effectively transferred between men as a piece of property, her own voice entirely absent from the scene that decides her fate.Biondello's closing speech introduces a striking tonal shift. His rapid-fire, almost breathless instructions — culminating in the Latin tag cum privilegio ad imprimendum solum ('with sole right to print') — parody the very legal language of the contract being forged upstairs, suggesting that the real marriage Lucentio is about to contract is no more or less...
Act IV, Scene 4
Scene Summary
Tranio, disguised as Lucentio, arrives before Baptista's house with the Pedant dressed as Lucentio's father Vincentio. After coaching the Pedant and confirming that Biondello has already primed Baptista with a false story, Tranio formally introduces the fake father, who consents to the marriage match. Baptista, pleased by the Pedant's directness, agrees to give Bianca to 'Lucentio' with a sufficient dowry. To avoid eavesdroppers — especially old Gremio — the men arrange to sign the marriage contract privately at Tranio's lodging that evening.
Once the older men depart, Biondello returns to brief the real Lucentio, still disguised as Cambio. He reveals that while Baptista is occupied with the counterfeit contract, Lucentio should take Bianca to Saint Luke's church, where a priest stands ready to marry them at once. Lucentio, confident of Bianca's willingness, resolves to act immediately.
"'Tis well; and hold your own, in any case, With such austerity as 'longeth to a father." — Tranio (4.4)
"Baptista is safe, talking with the deceiving father of a deceitful son." — Biondello (4.4)
"Pitchers have ears, and I have many servants: Besides, old Gremio is hearkening still;" — Baptista (4.4)
"take you assurance of her, 'cum privilegio ad imprimendum solum:' to the church; take the priest, clerk, and some sufficient honest witnesses:" — Biondello (4.4)
"I knew a wench married in an afternoon as she went to the garden for parsley to stuff a rabbit;" — Biondello (4.4)
"Hap what hap may, I'll roundly go about her: It shall go hard if Cambio go without her." — Lucentio (4.4)
"I am content, in a good father's care, To have him match'd; and if you please to like No worse than I, upon some agreement Me shall you find ready and willing With one consent to have her so bestow'd;" — Pedant (4.4)
Click any tag to explore where it appears across the play, then ask the Bard to explain how it works in this scene.