The Turn of the Screw Study Guide
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Chapter XIV

Chapter Summary

On a Sunday morning walk to church, the governess accompanies Miles while Flora and Mrs. Grose walk ahead. The crisp autumn day prompts her to reflect on her charges' unusual compliance, which she likens to a prisoner's surrender. Miles abruptly breaks the surface calm by asking when he will return to school, initiating a charged exchange in which he asserts his growing independence, recalls his midnight escapade, and declares he wants to "see more life" and his "own sort."

The conversation continues as they approach the churchyard, where the other worshippers have already entered. Alone among the graves, Miles pauses at a tomb and asks whether his uncle knows "the way I'm going on," ultimately announcing with striking confidence that he himself will summon the guardian to Bly. He then walks into the church alone, leaving the governess shaken on the stone slab.

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Original Text
Walking to church a certain Sunday morning, I had little Miles at my side and his sister, in advance of us and at Mrs. Grose’s, well in sight. It was a crisp, clear day, the first of its order for some time; the night had brought a touch of frost, and the autumn air, bright and sharp, made the church bells almost gay. It was an odd accident of thought that I should have happened at such a moment to be particularly and very gratefully struck with the obedience of my little charges. Why did they never resent my inexorable, my perpetual society? Something or other had brought nearer home to me that I had all but pinned the boy to my shawl and that, in the way our companions were marshaled before me, I might have appeared to provide against some danger of rebellion. I was like a gaoler with an eye to possible surprises and escapes. But all this belonged—I mean their magnificent little surrender—just to the special array of the facts that were most abysmal. Turned out for Sunday by his uncle’s tailor, who had had a free hand and a notion of pretty waistcoats and of his grand little air, Miles’s whole title to independence, the rights of his sex and situation, were so stamped upon him that if he had suddenly struck for freedom I should have had nothing to say. I was by the strangest of chances wondering how I should meet him when the revolution unmistakably occurred. I call it a revolution because I now see how, with the word he spoke, the curtain rose on the last act of my dreadful drama, and the catastrophe was precipitated. “Look here, my dear, you know,” he charmingly said, “when in the world, please, am I going back to school?” Transcribed here the speech sounds harmless enough, particularly as uttered in the sweet, high, casual pipe with which, at all interlocutors, but above all at his eternal governess, he threw off intonations as if he were tossing roses. There was something in them that always made one “catch,” and I caught, at any rate, now so effectually that I stopped as short as if one of the trees of the park had fallen across the road. There was something new, on the spot, between us, and he was perfectly aware that I recognized it, though, to enable me to do so, he had no need to look a whit less candid and charming than usual. I could feel in him how he already, from my at first finding nothing to reply, perceived the advantage he had gained. I was so slow to find anything that he had plenty of time, after a minute, to continue with his suggestive but inconclusive smile: “You know, my dear, that for a fellow to be with a lady _always_—!” His “my dear” was constantly on his lips for me, and nothing could have expressed more the exact shade of the sentiment with which I desired to inspire my pupils than its fond familiarity. It was so respectfully easy. But, oh, how I felt that at present I must pick my own phrases! I remember that, to gain time, I tried to laugh, and I seemed to see in the beautiful face with which he watched me how ugly and queer I looked. “And always with the same lady?” I returned. He neither blanched nor winked. The whole thing was virtually out between us. “Ah, of course, she’s a jolly, ‘perfect’ lady; but, after all, I’m a fellow, don’t you see? that’s—well, getting on.” I lingered there with him an instant ever so kindly. “Yes, you’re getting on.” Oh, but I felt helpless! I have kept to this day the heartbreaking little idea of how he seemed to know that and to play with it. “And you can’t say I’ve not been awfully good, can you?” I laid my hand on his shoulder, for, though I felt how much better it would have been to walk on, I was not yet quite able. “No, I can’t say that, Miles.” “Except just that one night, you know—!” “That one night?” I couldn’t look as straight as he. “Why, when I went down—went out of the house.” “Oh, yes. But I forget what you did it for.” “You forget?”—he spoke with the sweet extravagance of childish reproach. “Why, it was to show you I could!” “Oh, yes, you could.” “And I can again.” I felt that I might, perhaps, after all, succeed in keeping my wits about me. “Certainly. But you won’t.” “No, not _that_ again. It was nothing.” “It was nothing,” I said. “But we must go on.” He resumed our walk with me, passing his hand into my arm. “Then when _am_ I going back?” I wore, in turning it over, my most responsible air. “Were you very happy at school?” He just considered. “Oh, I’m happy enough anywhere!” “Well, then,” I quavered, “if you’re just as happy here—!” “Ah, but that isn’t everything! Of course _you_ know a lot—” “But you hint that you know almost as much?” I risked as he paused. “Not half I want to!” Miles honestly professed. “But it isn’t so much that.” “What is it, then?” “Well—I want to see more life.” “I see; I see.” We had arrived within sight of the church and of various persons, including several of the household of Bly, on their way to it and clustered about the door to see us go in. I quickened our step; I wanted to get there before the question between us opened up much further; I reflected hungrily that, for more than an hour, he would have to be silent; and I thought with envy of the comparative dusk of the pew and of the almost spiritual help of the hassock on which I might bend my knees. I seemed literally to be running a race with some confusion to which he was about to reduce me, but I felt that he had got in first when, before we had even entered the churchyard, he threw out— “I want my own sort!” It literally made me bound forward. “There are not many of your own sort, Miles!” I laughed. “Unless perhaps dear little Flora!” “You really compare me to a baby girl?” This found me singularly weak. “Don’t you, then, _love_ our sweet Flora?” “If I didn’t—and you, too; if I didn’t—!” he repeated as if retreating for a jump, yet leaving his thought so unfinished that, after we had come into the gate, another stop, which he imposed on me by the pressure of his arm, had become inevitable. Mrs. Grose and Flora had passed into the church, the other worshippers had followed, and we were, for the minute, alone among the old, thick graves. We had paused, on the path from the gate, by a low, oblong, tablelike tomb. “Yes, if you didn’t—?” He looked, while I waited, at the graves. “Well, you know what!” But he didn’t move, and he presently produced something that made me drop straight down on the stone slab, as if suddenly to rest. “Does my uncle think what _you_ think?” I markedly rested. “How do you know what I think?” “Ah, well, of course I don’t; for it strikes me you never tell me. But I mean does _he_ know?” “Know what, Miles?” “Why, the way I’m going on.” I perceived quickly enough that I could make, to this inquiry, no answer that would not involve something of a sacrifice of my employer. Yet it appeared to me that we were all, at Bly, sufficiently sacrificed to make that venial. “I don’t think your uncle much cares.” Miles, on this, stood looking at me. “Then don’t you think he can be made to?” “In what way?” “Why, by his coming down.” “But who’ll get him to come down?” “_I_ will!” the boy said with extraordinary brightness and emphasis. He gave me another look charged with that expression and then marched off alone into church.
Source text: Project Gutenberg #209. Public domain worldwide.
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Chapter XIV functions as a dramatic turning point—the governess herself labels Miles's question a "revolution" and frames the chapter's close as the rising of a curtain on "the last act" of her "dreadful drama." This theatrical metaphor signals a shift in narrative power: for the first time Miles openly presses for autonomy, and the governess, usually the controlling narrator, is reduced to quavering, stalling, and sitting helplessly on a gravestone. James uses the governess's own retrospective voice to heighten dramatic irony; she tells us the catastrophe was "precipitated" here, yet the reader must judge whether the threat is real or a product of her overwrought imagination.

The dialogue is a masterclass in oblique communication. Neither speaker names what is truly at stake—the expulsion from school, the ghosts, the governess's surveillance—yet both understand the subtext perfectly. Miles's phrase "for a fellow to be with a lady always" is left syntactically incomplete, its meaning suspended in an em-dash, enacting the very evasiveness the governess fears. His repeated "my dear" performs fond familiarity while subtly inverting the adult–child hierarchy, and his claim that he wants to "see more life" and his "own sort" invokes masculine coming-of-age discourse that the governess cannot easily refute without appearing tyrannical.

The setting of the churchyard amplifies the chapter's gothic atmosphere. The "old, thick graves" and the "low, oblong, tablelike tomb" on which the governess collapses literalise the death-haunted world of Bly and foreshadow Miles's own fate. The church itself is ironically unreachable as a sanctuary: the governess races toward it hoping its enforced silence will forestall the confrontation, yet the most dangerous exchange occurs in the graveyard, outside its walls. Sacred space offers no protection.

Miles's closing announcement—"I will!"—delivered "with extraordinary brightness and emphasis" before he marches away alone, is the chapter's most ambiguous moment. It can be read as a child's natural desire to appeal to a higher authority, or as a calculated threat that reveals knowledge of the governess's precarious, unauthorised position at Bly. His agency here is unprecedented in the narrative; he imposes a stop on the governess "by the pressure of his arm" and leaves her seated on a tomb while he enters the church unescorted. The power dynamic has visibly reversed.

James also develops the governess's self-awareness as unreliable narrator in subtle ways. She acknowledges she "tried to laugh" and imagines how "ugly and queer" she looked; she admits feeling "helpless" and confesses she "quavered." These admissions, rare in her otherwise confident narration, invite the reader to question whether her surveillance of the children is protective or imprisoning—a tension the gaoler simile in the chapter's opening paragraph makes explicit before Miles has spoken a word.

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✎ Mr. Shifflett's Note
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