The Turn of the Screw Study Guide
Color Theme
Font Style
Sans Serif System Mono Accessible
Text Size

Chapter XXIII

Chapter Summary

The governess and Miles engage in a tense, circling conversation in the schoolroom. Miles stands at the window, restless and distracted, while the governess observes what she interprets as his first visible sign of anxiety — a crack in his usual composure. Their exchange is charged with mutual evasion: Miles deflects her probing questions with charm and wit, admitting he has been roaming freely around Bly. The governess confesses she has stayed on solely for his sake, recalling her earlier promise to do anything for him.

Miles tentatively signals a willingness to confess something but insists it cannot be now, asking to see Luke instead. The governess recognises this as a transparent lie yet feels ashamed for having driven him to it. She acquiesces, but extracts a smaller concession: she asks Miles directly whether he took her letter from the hall table the previous afternoon.

Translation Style
✨ Character Voice Translations PREMIUM
Original Text
“Oh, more or less.” I fancy my smile was pale. “Not absolutely. We shouldn’t like that!” I went on. “No—I suppose we shouldn’t. Of course we have the others.” “We have the others—we have indeed the others,” I concurred. “Yet even though we have them,” he returned, still with his hands in his pockets and planted there in front of me, “they don’t much count, do they?” I made the best of it, but I felt wan. “It depends on what you call ‘much’!” “Yes”—with all accommodation—“everything depends!” On this, however, he faced to the window again and presently reached it with his vague, restless, cogitating step. He remained there awhile, with his forehead against the glass, in contemplation of the stupid shrubs I knew and the dull things of November. I had always my hypocrisy of “work,” behind which, now, I gained the sofa. Steadying myself with it there as I had repeatedly done at those moments of torment that I have described as the moments of my knowing the children to be given to something from which I was barred, I sufficiently obeyed my habit of being prepared for the worst. But an extraordinary impression dropped on me as I extracted a meaning from the boy’s embarrassed back—none other than the impression that I was not barred now. This inference grew in a few minutes to sharp intensity and seemed bound up with the direct perception that it was positively _he_ who was. The frames and squares of the great window were a kind of image, for him, of a kind of failure. I felt that I saw him, at any rate, shut in or shut out. He was admirable, but not comfortable: I took it in with a throb of hope. Wasn’t he looking, through the haunted pane, for something he couldn’t see?—and wasn’t it the first time in the whole business that he had known such a lapse? The first, the very first: I found it a splendid portent. It made him anxious, though he watched himself; he had been anxious all day and, even while in his usual sweet little manner he sat at table, had needed all his small strange genius to give it a gloss. When he at last turned round to meet me, it was almost as if this genius had succumbed. “Well, I think I’m glad Bly agrees with _me!_” “You would certainly seem to have seen, these twenty-four hours, a good deal more of it than for some time before. I hope,” I went on bravely, “that you’ve been enjoying yourself.” “Oh, yes, I’ve been ever so far; all round about—miles and miles away. I’ve never been so free.” He had really a manner of his own, and I could only try to keep up with him. “Well, do you like it?” He stood there smiling; then at last he put into two words—“Do _you?_”—more discrimination than I had ever heard two words contain. Before I had time to deal with that, however, he continued as if with the sense that this was an impertinence to be softened. “Nothing could be more charming than the way you take it, for of course if we’re alone together now it’s you that are alone most. But I hope,” he threw in, “you don’t particularly mind!” “Having to do with you?” I asked. “My dear child, how can I help minding? Though I’ve renounced all claim to your company—you’re so beyond me—I at least greatly enjoy it. What else should I stay on for?” He looked at me more directly, and the expression of his face, graver now, struck me as the most beautiful I had ever found in it. “You stay on just for _that?_” “Certainly. I stay on as your friend and from the tremendous interest I take in you till something can be done for you that may be more worth your while. That needn’t surprise you.” My voice trembled so that I felt it impossible to suppress the shake. “Don’t you remember how I told you, when I came and sat on your bed the night of the storm, that there was nothing in the world I wouldn’t do for you?” “Yes, yes!” He, on his side, more and more visibly nervous, had a tone to master; but he was so much more successful than I that, laughing out through his gravity, he could pretend we were pleasantly jesting. “Only that, I think, was to get me to do something for _you!_” “It was partly to get you to do something,” I conceded. “But, you know, you didn’t do it.” “Oh, yes,” he said with the brightest superficial eagerness, “you wanted me to tell you something.” “That’s it. Out, straight out. What you have on your mind, you know.” “Ah, then, is _that_ what you’ve stayed over for?” He spoke with a gaiety through which I could still catch the finest little quiver of resentful passion; but I can’t begin to express the effect upon me of an implication of surrender even so faint. It was as if what I had yearned for had come at last only to astonish me. “Well, yes—I may as well make a clean breast of it, it was precisely for that.” He waited so long that I supposed it for the purpose of repudiating the assumption on which my action had been founded; but what he finally said was: “Do you mean now—here?” “There couldn’t be a better place or time.” He looked round him uneasily, and I had the rare—oh, the queer!—impression of the very first symptom I had seen in him of the approach of immediate fear. It was as if he were suddenly afraid of me—which struck me indeed as perhaps the best thing to make him. Yet in the very pang of the effort I felt it vain to try sternness, and I heard myself the next instant so gentle as to be almost grotesque. “You want so to go out again?” “Awfully!” He smiled at me heroically, and the touching little bravery of it was enhanced by his actually flushing with pain. He had picked up his hat, which he had brought in, and stood twirling it in a way that gave me, even as I was just nearly reaching port, a perverse horror of what I was doing. To do it in _any_ way was an act of violence, for what did it consist of but the obtrusion of the idea of grossness and guilt on a small helpless creature who had been for me a revelation of the possibilities of beautiful intercourse? Wasn’t it base to create for a being so exquisite a mere alien awkwardness? I suppose I now read into our situation a clearness it couldn’t have had at the time, for I seem to see our poor eyes already lighted with some spark of a prevision of the anguish that was to come. So we circled about, with terrors and scruples, like fighters not daring to close. But it was for each other we feared! That kept us a little longer suspended and unbruised. “I’ll tell you everything,” Miles said—“I mean I’ll tell you anything you like. You’ll stay on with me, and we shall both be all right, and I _will_ tell you—I _will_. But not now.” “Why not now?” My insistence turned him from me and kept him once more at his window in a silence during which, between us, you might have heard a pin drop. Then he was before me again with the air of a person for whom, outside, someone who had frankly to be reckoned with was waiting. “I have to see Luke.” I had not yet reduced him to quite so vulgar a lie, and I felt proportionately ashamed. But, horrible as it was, his lies made up my truth. I achieved thoughtfully a few loops of my knitting. “Well, then, go to Luke, and I’ll wait for what you promise. Only, in return for that, satisfy, before you leave me, one very much smaller request.” He looked as if he felt he had succeeded enough to be able still a little to bargain. “Very much smaller—?” “Yes, a mere fraction of the whole. Tell me”—oh, my work preoccupied me, and I was offhand!—“if, yesterday afternoon, from the table in the hall, you took, you know, my letter.”
Source text: Project Gutenberg #209. Public domain worldwide.
Modern English
Select a style above to load the modern English translation.

Chapter XXIII is constructed around the dynamics of power and evasion, with both the governess and Miles performing elaborate social rituals to avoid direct confrontation. James renders the scene as a kind of psychological duel — the governess describes them as 'fighters not daring to close' — and the chapter's tension derives precisely from what is withheld rather than spoken. The governess's first-person narration is itself a form of evasion: she interprets Miles's body language with confident authority, yet the reader is left to question whether her readings are reliable or projective.

The window functions as a richly overdetermined symbol of exclusion and longing. The governess perceives Miles as 'shut in or shut out,' and the 'haunted pane' through which he gazes suggests that whatever he seeks lies beyond her reach and his. This reversal is significant: the governess, who has spent the novella feeling barred from the children's secret world, now reads herself as the one with access, while Miles is excluded. James does not confirm this reversal; he merely presents it as the governess's inference, sustaining the novella's fundamental epistemological ambiguity.

Miles's dialogue is a masterclass in ironic double-voicing. His question 'Do you?' in response to the governess's enquiry about whether he likes Bly compresses into two words a challenge she cannot answer without self-incrimination. Similarly, his remark that her earlier promise was 'to get me to do something for you' exposes the transactional nature of her declared affection. James gives Miles a verbal sophistication that sits uneasily with his age, reinforcing the novella's persistent uncertainty about whether the boy is innocent, corrupted, or simply precociously intelligent.

The governess's self-reflexive admission that she 'now read into our situation a clearness it couldn't have had at the time' is one of the chapter's most important moments of narratorial unreliability. She acknowledges retrospective distortion yet continues to assert interpretive authority. This confession does not undermine her account so much as it foregrounds the constructed nature of all testimony, a concern central to James's framing device of the manuscript read aloud. The governess's 'hypocrisy of work' — her knitting as a prop for composure — similarly signals the performative dimension of her self-presentation.

The chapter closes on the governess's question about the stolen letter, a detail that anchors the supernatural drama in a mundane act of material concealment. The letter, addressed to the children's uncle, represents the governess's attempt to break the isolation of Bly and seek external authority. Miles's possible theft of it suggests either a child protecting a secret world or, in a more naturalistic reading, a lonely boy frightened of being sent away. James leaves both possibilities open, ensuring that the chapter's final image — the governess offhandedly knitting while asking her devastating question — captures the novella's characteristic blend of domestic surface and psychological violence.

Loading quotes...

Loading tags...

Ask the Reader

Click any tag to explore where it appears across the book, then ask the Reader to explain how it works in this chapter.

Exploring tag...
The Reader's Take
Ask the Reader to explain how this element appears in this chapter
Click a tag to search.
Ask the Reader about this chapter
Type at least 2 characters to search
Characters & Figures
Loading figures...
✎ Mr. Shifflett's Note
SIS Teachers
Sign in with your @siskorea.org email for free full access to this guide and all GradeWise study guides — every chapter, translation, and premium feature.
Sign In with SIS Email