Henry V Study Guide

Act III, Scene 6

The English camp in Picardy

Scene Summary

At the English camp in Picardy, Fluellen reports to Gower that the Duke of Exeter has heroically held the bridge, praising an officer he names as Ancient Pistol. Pistol then arrives and begs Fluellen to intercede for Bardolph, condemned to hang for stealing a pax from a church. Fluellen refuses, insisting discipline must be upheld even for a brother. Pistol storms off, and Gower exposes him as a fraud who merely poses as a soldier. When King Henry arrives, Fluellen reports the bridge secured and mentions Bardolph's fate; Henry endorses the execution and orders his troops to treat French civilians with respect.

The French herald Montjoy then arrives with a defiant message from the French king demanding Henry consider his ransom and acknowledge his weakness. Henry responds with frank honesty about his army's depleted, sickly state, yet defiantly declares he will march on regardless, threatening to stain French soil with French blood if opposed. Gloucester expresses anxiety, but Henry commits the army to God's hands and orders the march to continue.

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Original Text
[Enter GOWER and FLUELLEN, meeting] GOWER How now, Captain Fluellen! come you from the bridge? FLUELLEN I assure you, there is very excellent services committed at the bridge. GOWER Is the Duke of Exeter safe? FLUELLEN The Duke of Exeter is as magnanimous as Agamemnon; and a man that I love and honour with my soul, and my heart, and my duty, and my life, and my living, and my uttermost power: he is not-God be praised and blessed!--any hurt in the world; but keeps the bridge most valiantly, with excellent discipline. There is an aunchient lieutenant there at the pridge, I think in my very conscience he is as valiant a man as Mark Antony; and he is a man of no estimation in the world; but did see him do as gallant service. GOWER What do you call him? FLUELLEN He is called Aunchient Pistol. GOWER I know him not. [Enter PISTOL] FLUELLEN Here is the man. PISTOL Captain, I thee beseech to do me favours: The Duke of Exeter doth love thee well. FLUELLEN Ay, I praise God; and I have merited some love at his hands. PISTOL Bardolph, a soldier, firm and sound of heart, And of buxom valour, hath, by cruel fate, And giddy Fortune's furious fickle wheel, That goddess blind, That stands upon the rolling restless stone-- FLUELLEN By your patience, Aunchient Pistol. Fortune is painted blind, with a muffler afore her eyes, to signify to you that Fortune is blind; and she is painted also with a wheel, to signify to you, which is the moral of it, that she is turning, and inconstant, and mutability, and variation: and her foot, look you, is fixed upon a spherical stone, which rolls, and rolls, and rolls: in good truth, the poet makes a most excellent description of it: Fortune is an excellent moral. PISTOL Fortune is Bardolph's foe, and frowns on him; For he hath stolen a pax, and hanged must a' be: A damned death! Let gallows gape for dog; let man go free And let not hemp his wind-pipe suffocate: But Exeter hath given the doom of death For pax of little price. Therefore, go speak: the duke will hear thy voice: And let not Bardolph's vital thread be cut With edge of penny cord and vile reproach: Speak, captain, for his life, and I will thee requite. FLUELLEN Aunchient Pistol, I do partly understand your meaning. PISTOL Why then, rejoice therefore. FLUELLEN Certainly, aunchient, it is not a thing to rejoice at: for if, look you, he were my brother, I would desire the duke to use his good pleasure, and put him to execution; for discipline ought to be used. PISTOL Die and be damn'd! and figo for thy friendship! FLUELLEN It is well. PISTOL The fig of Spain! [Exit] FLUELLEN Very good. GOWER Why, this is an arrant counterfeit rascal; I remember him now; a bawd, a cutpurse. FLUELLEN I'll assure you, a' uttered as brave words at the bridge as you shall see in a summer's day. But it is very well; what he has spoke to me, that is well, I warrant you, when time is serve. GOWER Why, 'tis a gull, a fool, a rogue, that now and then goes to the wars, to grace himself at his return into London under the form of a soldier. And such fellows are perfect in the great commanders' names: and they will learn you by rote where services were done; at such and such a sconce, at such a breach, at such a convoy; who came off bravely, who was shot, who disgraced, what terms the enemy stood on; and this they con perfectly in the phrase of war, which they trick up with new-tuned oaths: and what a beard of the general's cut and a horrid suit of the camp will do among foaming bottles and ale-washed wits, is wonderful to be thought on. But you must learn to know such slanders of the age, or else you may be marvellously mistook. FLUELLEN I tell you what, Captain Gower; I do perceive he is not the man that he would gladly make show to the world he is: if I find a hole in his coat, I will tell him my mind. [Drum heard] Hark you, the king is coming, and I must speak with him from the pridge. [Drum and colours. Enter KING HENRY, GLOUCESTER, and Soldiers] God pless your majesty! KING HENRY V How now, Fluellen! camest thou from the bridge? FLUELLEN Ay, so please your majesty. The Duke of Exeter has very gallantly maintained the pridge: the French is gone off, look you; and there is gallant and most prave passages; marry, th' athversary was have possession of the pridge; but he is enforced to retire, and the Duke of Exeter is master of the pridge: I can tell your majesty, the duke is a prave man. KING HENRY V What men have you lost, Fluellen? FLUELLEN The perdition of th' athversary hath been very great, reasonable great: marry, for my part, I think the duke hath lost never a man, but one that is like to be executed for robbing a church, one Bardolph, if your majesty know the man: his face is all bubukles, and whelks, and knobs, and flames o' fire: and his lips blows at his nose, and it is like a coal of fire, sometimes plue and sometimes red; but his nose is executed and his fire's out. KING HENRY V We would have all such offenders so cut off: and we give express charge, that in our marches through the country, there be nothing compelled from the villages, nothing taken but paid for, none of the French upbraided or abused in disdainful language; for when lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the gentler gamester is the soonest winner. [Tucket. Enter MONTJOY] MONTJOY You know me by my habit. KING HENRY V Well then I know thee: what shall I know of thee? MONTJOY My master's mind. KING HENRY V Unfold it. MONTJOY Thus says my king: Say thou to Harry of England: Though we seemed dead, we did but sleep: advantage is a better soldier than rashness. Tell him we could have rebuked him at Harfleur, but that we thought not good to bruise an injury till it were full ripe: now we speak upon our cue, and our voice is imperial: England shall repent his folly, see his weakness, and admire our sufferance. Bid him therefore consider of his ransom; which must proportion the losses we have borne, the subjects we have lost, the disgrace we have digested; which in weight to re-answer, his pettiness would bow under. For our losses, his exchequer is too poor; for the effusion of our blood, the muster of his kingdom too faint a number; and for our disgrace, his own person, kneeling at our feet, but a weak and worthless satisfaction. To this add defiance: and tell him, for conclusion, he hath betrayed his followers, whose condemnation is pronounced. So far my king and master; so much my office. KING HENRY V What is thy name? I know thy quality. MONTJOY Montjoy. KING HENRY V Thou dost thy office fairly. Turn thee back. And tell thy king I do not seek him now; But could be willing to march on to Calais Without impeachment: for, to say the sooth, Though 'tis no wisdom to confess so much Unto an enemy of craft and vantage, My people are with sickness much enfeebled, My numbers lessened, and those few I have Almost no better than so many French; Who when they were in health, I tell thee, herald, I thought upon one pair of English legs Did march three Frenchmen. Yet, forgive me, God, That I do brag thus! This your air of France Hath blown that vice in me: I must repent. Go therefore, tell thy master here I am; My ransom is this frail and worthless trunk, My army but a weak and sickly guard; Yet, God before, tell him we will come on, Though France himself and such another neighbour Stand in our way. There's for thy labour, Montjoy. Go bid thy master well advise himself: If we may pass, we will; if we be hinder'd, We shall your tawny ground with your red blood Discolour: and so Montjoy, fare you well. The sum of all our answer is but this: We would not seek a battle, as we are; Nor, as we are, we say we will not shun it: So tell your master. MONTJOY I shall deliver so. Thanks to your highness. [Exit] GLOUCESTER I hope they will not come upon us now. KING HENRY V We are in God's hand, brother, not in theirs. March to the bridge; it now draws toward night: Beyond the river we'll encamp ourselves, And on to-morrow, bid them march away. [Exeunt]
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This scene operates as a pivotal hinge between the comic subplot and the play's central meditation on kingship and justice. The Bardolph episode crystallises Henry's transformation from the tavern companion of the Henry IV plays into a king who places law above personal loyalty. Fluellen's blunt declaration — that he would send his own brother to execution if discipline required it — functions as a choric endorsement of Henry's later, cooler verdict: "We would have all such offenders so cut off." Shakespeare carefully displaces the emotional weight of Bardolph's death onto Fluellen, allowing Henry to appear principled rather than cold, yet the audience, remembering Bardolph from the earlier plays, registers the human cost of regal authority.Pistol's rhetorical performance around Fortune is rich in dramatic irony. His florid invocation of Fortune's wheel — "giddy Fortune's furious fickle wheel, / That goddess blind" — is immediately deflated by Fluellen's pedantic, almost comic unpacking of the same iconography. The juxtaposition exposes Pistol as a man who deploys the language of classical learning without genuine understanding, mirroring Gower's subsequent demolition of him as a counterfeit soldier who memorises commanders' names and battle-sites to impress "ale-washed wits." Authenticity versus performance is thus a governing concern:...

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"for if, look you, he were my brother, I would desire the duke to use his good pleasure, and put him to execution; for discipline ought to be used." — Fluellen (3.6)

"Fortune is painted blind, with a muffler afore her eyes, to signify to you that Fortune is blind; and she is painted also with a wheel, to signify to you, which is the moral of it, that she is turning, and inconstant, and mutability, and variation" — Fluellen (3.6)

"We would have all such offenders so cut off: and we give express charge, that in our marches through the country, there be nothing compelled from the villages, nothing taken but paid for, none of the French upbraided or abused in disdainful language" — King Henry V (3.6)

"for when lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the gentler gamester is the soonest winner." — King Henry V (3.6)

"My ransom is this frail and worthless trunk, My army but a weak and sickly guard; Yet, God before, tell him we will come on," — King Henry V (3.6)

"We are in God's hand, brother, not in theirs." — King Henry V (3.6)

"such fellows are perfect in the great commanders' names: and they will learn you by rote where services were done; at such and such a sconce, at such a breach, at such a convoy; who came off bravely, who was shot, who disgraced, what terms the enemy stood on" — Gower (3.6)

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