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Part Six, Chapter 31

Chapter Summary

After the provincial elections, Vronsky hosts a celebratory dinner for the newly elected marshal Nevyedovsky and some twenty liberal noblemen, including Sviazhsky, Stepan Arkadyevitch, and the governor. Vronsky reflects with satisfaction on his unexpected success in provincial politics, his social influence, and the pleasant company. Stepan Arkadyevitch sends a cheerful telegram to Dolly, and the governor invites Vronsky to a concert. The festive mood is abruptly interrupted when Vronsky's valet delivers a letter from Anna.

The letter reports that their daughter Annie is seriously ill and reproaches Vronsky for his delayed return. Anna had considered coming to fetch him herself but held back. The stark contrast between the bright, convivial dinner and Anna's desperate, accusatory letter strikes Vronsky forcefully. He leaves on the first train that night.

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Original Text
The newly elected marshal and many of the successful party dined that day with Vronsky. Vronsky had come to the elections partly because he was bored in the country and wanted to show Anna his right to independence, and also to repay Sviazhsky by his support at the election for all the trouble he had taken for Vronsky at the district council election, but chiefly in order strictly to perform all those duties of a nobleman and landowner which he had taken upon himself. But he had not in the least expected that the election would so interest him, so keenly excite him, and that he would be so good at this kind of thing. He was quite a new man in the circle of the nobility of the province, but his success was unmistakable, and he was not wrong in supposing that he had already obtained a certain influence. This influence was due to his wealth and reputation, the capital house in the town lent him by his old friend Shirkov, who had a post in the department of finances and was director of a flourishing bank in Kashin; the excellent cook Vronsky had brought from the country, and his friendship with the governor, who was a schoolfellow of Vronsky’s—a schoolfellow he had patronized and protected indeed. But what contributed more than all to his success was his direct, equable manner with everyone, which very quickly made the majority of the noblemen reverse the current opinion of his supposed haughtiness. He was himself conscious that, except that whimsical gentleman married to Kitty Shtcherbatskaya, who had à propos de bottes poured out a stream of irrelevant absurdities with such spiteful fury, every nobleman with whom he had made acquaintance had become his adherent. He saw clearly, and other people recognized it, too, that he had done a great deal to secure the success of Nevyedovsky. And now at his own table, celebrating Nevyedovsky’s election, he was experiencing an agreeable sense of triumph over the success of his candidate. The election itself had so fascinated him that, if he could succeed in getting married during the next three years, he began to think of standing himself—much as after winning a race ridden by a jockey, he had longed to ride a race himself. Today he was celebrating the success of his jockey. Vronsky sat at the head of the table, on his right hand sat the young governor, a general of high rank. To all the rest he was the chief man in the province, who had solemnly opened the elections with his speech, and aroused a feeling of respect and even of awe in many people, as Vronsky saw; to Vronsky he was little Katka Maslov—that had been his nickname in the Pages’ Corps—whom he felt to be shy and tried to mettre à son aise. On the left hand sat Nevyedovsky with his youthful, stubborn, and malignant face. With him Vronsky was simple and deferential. Sviazhsky took his failure very light-heartedly. It was indeed no failure in his eyes, as he said himself, turning, glass in hand, to Nevyedovsky; they could not have found a better representative of the new movement, which the nobility ought to follow. And so every honest person, as he said, was on the side of today’s success and was rejoicing over it. Stepan Arkadyevitch was glad, too, that he was having a good time, and that everyone was pleased. The episode of the elections served as a good occasion for a capital dinner. Sviazhsky comically imitated the tearful discourse of the marshal, and observed, addressing Nevyedovsky, that his excellency would have to select another more complicated method of auditing the accounts than tears. Another nobleman jocosely described how footmen in stockings had been ordered for the marshal’s ball, and how now they would have to be sent back unless the new marshal would give a ball with footmen in stockings. Continually during dinner they said of Nevyedovsky: “our marshal,” and “your excellency.” This was said with the same pleasure with which a bride is called “Madame” and her husband’s name. Nevyedovsky affected to be not merely indifferent but scornful of this appellation, but it was obvious that he was highly delighted, and had to keep a curb on himself not to betray the triumph which was unsuitable to their new liberal tone. After dinner several telegrams were sent to people interested in the result of the election. And Stepan Arkadyevitch, who was in high good humor, sent Darya Alexandrovna a telegram: “Nevyedovsky elected by twenty votes. Congratulations. Tell people.” He dictated it aloud, saying: “We must let them share our rejoicing.” Darya Alexandrovna, getting the message, simply sighed over the rouble wasted on it, and understood that it was an after-dinner affair. She knew Stiva had a weakness after dining for faire jouer le télégraphe. Everything, together with the excellent dinner and the wine, not from Russian merchants, but imported direct from abroad, was extremely dignified, simple, and enjoyable. The party—some twenty—had been selected by Sviazhsky from among the more active new liberals, all of the same way of thinking, who were at the same time clever and well bred. They drank, also half in jest, to the health of the new marshal of the province, of the governor, of the bank director, and of “our amiable host.” Vronsky was satisfied. He had never expected to find so pleasant a tone in the provinces. Towards the end of dinner it was still more lively. The governor asked Vronsky to come to a concert for the benefit of the Servians which his wife, who was anxious to make his acquaintance, had been getting up. “There’ll be a ball, and you’ll see the belle of the province. Worth seeing, really.” “Not in my line,” Vronsky answered. He liked that English phrase. But he smiled, and promised to come. Before they rose from the table, when all of them were smoking, Vronsky’s valet went up to him with a letter on a tray. “From Vozdvizhenskoe by special messenger,” he said with a significant expression. “Astonishing! how like he is to the deputy prosecutor Sventitsky,” said one of the guests in French of the valet, while Vronsky, frowning, read the letter. The letter was from Anna. Before he read the letter, he knew its contents. Expecting the elections to be over in five days, he had promised to be back on Friday. Today was Saturday, and he knew that the letter contained reproaches for not being back at the time fixed. The letter he had sent the previous evening had probably not reached her yet. The letter was what he had expected, but the form of it was unexpected, and particularly disagreeable to him. “Annie is very ill, the doctor says it may be inflammation. I am losing my head all alone. Princess Varvara is no help, but a hindrance. I expected you the day before yesterday, and yesterday, and now I am sending to find out where you are and what you are doing. I wanted to come myself, but thought better of it, knowing you would dislike it. Send some answer, that I may know what to do.” The child ill, yet she had thought of coming herself. Their daughter ill, and this hostile tone. The innocent festivities over the election, and this gloomy, burdensome love to which he had to return struck Vronsky by their contrast. But he had to go, and by the first train that night he set off home.
Source text: Project Gutenberg #1399. Public domain worldwide. Translated by Constance Garnett (1901)
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This chapter is structured around a sharp tonal juxtaposition: the warm, self-congratulatory world of male civic life set against the isolated, anxious world Anna inhabits at Vozdvizhenskoe. Tolstoy carefully builds the dinner scene to its peak of conviviality before shattering it with the letter, so that the reader feels the same jarring contrast Vronsky does. The narrative technique of delayed revelation — Vronsky knows the letter's general contents before reading it, yet its "form" surprises him — underscores how thoroughly he has been managing Anna at a distance, reducing her to a predictable variable in his calculations.

Vronsky's engagement with aristocratic identity and performance is central to the chapter. He came to the elections partly to assert independence from Anna, partly out of social obligation, yet he discovers a genuine appetite for political influence. The racing metaphor — wanting to ride the race himself after watching his jockey win — reveals that Vronsky's ambitions are fundamentally competitive and self-defining. His social success here is predicated on wealth, connections, and an "equable manner," all of which are surface attributes; Tolstoy quietly notes that the one man who resisted him was Levin, the novel's moral touchstone, identified only as "that whimsical gentleman married to Kitty Shtcherbatskaya."

The treatment of public versus private selfhood is rendered through the dinner's language of titles and honorifics. Nevyedovsky's new title "our marshal" is compared to calling a bride "Madame" — a rite of passage that confers identity through social recognition. This ironic parallel quietly links political ambition to the institution of marriage, both being performances of a newly assumed role. Nevyedovsky must suppress his delight to maintain a "liberal tone," just as Anna must suppress her desperation to avoid displeasing Vronsky.

Anna's letter functions as a structural intrusion of the domestic and emotional into the public sphere. Its terse, fragmented syntax — "Annie is very ill... I am losing my head all alone... I wanted to come myself, but thought better of it" — contrasts sharply with the polished French phrases and toasts of the dinner table. The detail that Anna restrained herself from coming "knowing you would dislike it" is devastating: her self-censorship mirrors Nevyedovsky's suppressed triumph, but where his is a social nicety, hers is a symptom of the power imbalance corroding their relationship.

Dolly's brief appearance via telegram offers a comic counterpoint that deepens the chapter's critique of Oblonsky. Her weary recognition that the telegram is "an after-dinner affair" and her irritation at the wasted rouble place her as a figure of domestic realism against the men's self-indulgent celebration. Tolstoy uses her response to deflate the grandeur of the election narrative and to remind the reader of the economic and emotional costs borne by women while men perform their civic rituals.

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