Anna Karenina Study Guide
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Part Seven, Chapter 13

Chapter Summary

Levin wakes from a heavy sleep, troubled by the moral lapses of the previous day—excessive drinking, a visit to Anna, and distress caused to Kitty—yet finds himself rested. At five o'clock he discovers Kitty out of bed; she reassures him it is nothing, but at seven she wakes him again and asks him to fetch the midwife Lizaveta Petrovna. Levin sees Kitty's face radiant with courage and joy even amid pain, and is overwhelmed by love and guilt.

He dresses hurriedly and rushes out, pausing when he hears Kitty moan. The sound drives him to an involuntary prayer—remarkable for a self-declared unbeliever—and he sets off on foot before his horse is ready. He meets Lizaveta Petrovna already on her way, receives her calm instructions, and races to fetch the doctor, the chapter ending in urgent, purposeful motion.

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Original Text
There are no conditions to which a man cannot become used, especially if he sees that all around him are living in the same way. Levin could not have believed three months before that he could have gone quietly to sleep in the condition in which he was that day, that leading an aimless, irrational life, living too beyond his means, after drinking to excess (he could not call what happened at the club anything else), forming inappropriately friendly relations with a man with whom his wife had once been in love, and a still more inappropriate call upon a woman who could only be called a lost woman, after being fascinated by that woman and causing his wife distress—he could still go quietly to sleep. But under the influence of fatigue, a sleepless night, and the wine he had drunk, his sleep was sound and untroubled. At five o’clock the creak of a door opening waked him. He jumped up and looked round. Kitty was not in bed beside him. But there was a light moving behind the screen, and he heard her steps. “What is it?... what is it?” he said, half-asleep. “Kitty! What is it?” “Nothing,” she said, coming from behind the screen with a candle in her hand. “I felt unwell,” she said, smiling a particularly sweet and meaning smile. “What? has it begun?” he said in terror. “We ought to send....” and hurriedly he reached after his clothes. “No, no,” she said, smiling and holding his hand. “It’s sure to be nothing. I was rather unwell, only a little. It’s all over now.” And getting into bed, she blew out the candle, lay down and was still. Though he thought her stillness suspicious, as though she were holding her breath, and still more suspicious the expression of peculiar tenderness and excitement with which, as she came from behind the screen, she said “nothing,” he was so sleepy that he fell asleep at once. Only later he remembered the stillness of her breathing, and understood all that must have been passing in her sweet, precious heart while she lay beside him, not stirring, in anticipation of the greatest event in a woman’s life. At seven o’clock he was waked by the touch of her hand on his shoulder, and a gentle whisper. She seemed struggling between regret at waking him, and the desire to talk to him. “Kostya, don’t be frightened. It’s all right. But I fancy.... We ought to send for Lizaveta Petrovna.” The candle was lighted again. She was sitting up in bed, holding some knitting, which she had been busy upon during the last few days. “Please, don’t be frightened, it’s all right. I’m not a bit afraid,” she said, seeing his scared face, and she pressed his hand to her bosom and then to her lips. He hurriedly jumped up, hardly awake, and kept his eyes fixed on her, as he put on his dressing gown; then he stopped, still looking at her. He had to go, but he could not tear himself from her eyes. He thought he loved her face, knew her expression, her eyes, but never had he seen it like this. How hateful and horrible he seemed to himself, thinking of the distress he had caused her yesterday. Her flushed face, fringed with soft curling hair under her night cap, was radiant with joy and courage. Though there was so little that was complex or artificial in Kitty’s character in general, Levin was struck by what was revealed now, when suddenly all disguises were thrown off and the very kernel of her soul shone in her eyes. And in this simplicity and nakedness of her soul, she, the very woman he loved in her, was more manifest than ever. She looked at him, smiling; but all at once her brows twitched, she threw up her head, and going quickly up to him, clutched his hand and pressed close up to him, breathing her hot breath upon him. She was in pain and was, as it were, complaining to him of her suffering. And for the first minute, from habit, it seemed to him that he was to blame. But in her eyes there was a tenderness that told him that she was far from reproaching him, that she loved him for her sufferings. “If not I, who is to blame for it?” he thought unconsciously, seeking someone responsible for this suffering for him to punish; but there was no one responsible. She was suffering, complaining, and triumphing in her sufferings, and rejoicing in them, and loving them. He saw that something sublime was being accomplished in her soul, but what? He could not make it out. It was beyond his understanding. “I have sent to mamma. You go quickly to fetch Lizaveta Petrovna ... Kostya!... Nothing, it’s over.” She moved away from him and rang the bell. “Well, go now; Pasha’s coming. I am all right.” And Levin saw with astonishment that she had taken up the knitting she had brought in in the night and begun working at it again. As Levin was going out of one door, he heard the maid-servant come in at the other. He stood at the door and heard Kitty giving exact directions to the maid, and beginning to help her move the bedstead. He dressed, and while they were putting in his horses, as a hired sledge was not to be seen yet, he ran again up to the bedroom, not on tiptoe, it seemed to him, but on wings. Two maid-servants were carefully moving something in the bedroom. Kitty was walking about knitting rapidly and giving directions. “I’m going for the doctor. They have sent for Lizaveta Petrovna, but I’ll go on there too. Isn’t there anything wanted? Yes, shall I go to Dolly’s?” She looked at him, obviously not hearing what he was saying. “Yes, yes. Do go,” she said quickly, frowning and waving her hand to him. He had just gone into the drawing-room, when suddenly a plaintive moan sounded from the bedroom, smothered instantly. He stood still, and for a long while he could not understand. “Yes, that is she,” he said to himself, and clutching at his head he ran downstairs. “Lord have mercy on us! pardon us! aid us!” he repeated the words that for some reason came suddenly to his lips. And he, an unbeliever, repeated these words not with his lips only. At that instant he knew that all his doubts, even the impossibility of believing with his reason, of which he was aware in himself, did not in the least hinder his turning to God. All of that now floated out of his soul like dust. To whom was he to turn if not to Him in whose hands he felt himself, his soul, and his love? The horse was not yet ready, but feeling a peculiar concentration of his physical forces and his intellect on what he had to do, he started off on foot without waiting for the horse, and told Kouzma to overtake him. At the corner he met a night cabman driving hurriedly. In the little sledge, wrapped in a velvet cloak, sat Lizaveta Petrovna with a kerchief round her head. “Thank God! thank God!” he said, overjoyed to recognize her little fair face which wore a peculiarly serious, even stern expression. Telling the driver not to stop, he ran along beside her. “For two hours, then? Not more?” she inquired. “You should let Pyotr Dmitrievitch know, but don’t hurry him. And get some opium at the chemist’s.” “So you think that it may go on well? Lord have mercy on us and help us!” Levin said, seeing his own horse driving out of the gate. Jumping into the sledge beside Kouzma, he told him to drive to the doctor’s.
Source text: Project Gutenberg #1399. Public domain worldwide. Translated by Constance Garnett (1901)
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This chapter marks one of the great threshold moments in the novel: the onset of Kitty's labour. Tolstoy structures the scene as a series of awakenings—literal and spiritual—each one stripping Levin of another layer of self-absorption. The chapter opens with a meditation on moral habituation, cataloguing Levin's transgressions from the previous day with almost clinical detachment, only to dissolve that detachment the moment Kitty's candle appears behind the screen. The juxtaposition is deliberate: the man who could rationalise moral failure is instantly undone by a single moan from his wife.

Tolstoy's characterisation of Kitty in labour is one of his most celebrated passages on female interiority. The phrase 'something sublime was being accomplished in her soul' signals the limits of Levin's—and by extension the male narrator's—comprehension. Kitty's suffering is rendered as simultaneously physical and transcendent; she is described as 'suffering, complaining, and triumphing in her sufferings,' a paradox that places her beyond the reach of rational analysis. The knitting she resumes mid-contraction functions as a symbol of composed agency, contrasting sharply with Levin's panicked, barely-dressed flight.

The chapter's most theologically significant moment is Levin's spontaneous prayer. As an unbeliever who has wrestled throughout the novel with the impossibility of faith, his cry—'Lord have mercy on us! pardon us! aid us!'—erupts from below the level of conscious thought. Tolstoy carefully notes that the words came 'not with his lips only,' and that 'all his doubts floated out of his soul like dust.' This anticipates the fuller spiritual conversion Levin will experience later in Part Eight, making the chapter a crucial proleptic node in the novel's philosophical arc.

The contrast between Kitty's stillness and Levin's agitation is sustained throughout as a structural device. She gives exact directions, walks about knitting rapidly, and waves him away with calm authority; he clutches his head, repeats prayers, and runs rather than waits for his horse. This reversal of expected gender roles—the labouring woman as the composed centre, the healthy man as the helpless periphery—is a quiet but pointed commentary on courage and vulnerability.

The arrival of Lizaveta Petrovna in her sledge, her 'peculiarly serious, even stern expression' and brisk professional instructions, introduces a note of social and institutional order into what has been an intensely private scene. Her presence reassures Levin not through sentiment but through competence, and the chapter closes with him still in motion—a formal enactment of his inability to act directly in the one event that matters most to him, a structural irony Tolstoy will continue to develop through the birth sequence.

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