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Part Eight, Chapter 6

Chapter Summary

Sergey Ivanovitch and his friend Katavasov arrive unannounced at the Pokrovskoe estate, dusty from the road. Kitty greets them warmly, apologises for Levin's absence, and makes arrangements for the guests while her father, Prince Shcherbatsky, receives them on the balcony. Katavasov raises the topic of the Serbian war, wondering how Levin views it.

Kitty, sensing that her infant son Mitya is hungry, hurries to the nursery. She finds him screaming and, after a brief struggle, successfully nurses him. As mother and child settle into calm, Agafea Mihalovna insists the baby recognises her, but Kitty gently deflects the claim while privately believing Mitya possesses a deep, almost spiritual awareness that only she, as his mother, can fully perceive.

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Original Text
Sergey Ivanovitch had not telegraphed to his brother to send to meet him, as he did not know when he should be able to leave Moscow. Levin was not at home when Katavasov and Sergey Ivanovitch in a fly hired at the station drove up to the steps of the Pokrovskoe house, as black as Moors from the dust of the road. Kitty, sitting on the balcony with her father and sister, recognized her brother-in-law, and ran down to meet him. “What a shame not to have let us know,” she said, giving her hand to Sergey Ivanovitch, and putting her forehead up for him to kiss. “We drove here capitally, and have not put you out,” answered Sergey Ivanovitch. “I’m so dirty. I’m afraid to touch you. I’ve been so busy, I didn’t know when I should be able to tear myself away. And so you’re still as ever enjoying your peaceful, quiet happiness,” he said, smiling, “out of the reach of the current in your peaceful backwater. Here’s our friend Fyodor Vassilievitch who has succeeded in getting here at last.” “But I’m not a negro, I shall look like a human being when I wash,” said Katavasov in his jesting fashion, and he shook hands and smiled, his teeth flashing white in his black face. “Kostya will be delighted. He has gone to his settlement. It’s time he should be home.” “Busy as ever with his farming. It really is a peaceful backwater,” said Katavasov; “while we in town think of nothing but the Servian war. Well, how does our friend look at it? He’s sure not to think like other people.” “Oh, I don’t know, like everybody else,” Kitty answered, a little embarrassed, looking round at Sergey Ivanovitch. “I’ll send to fetch him. Papa’s staying with us. He’s only just come home from abroad.” And making arrangements to send for Levin and for the guests to wash, one in his room and the other in what had been Dolly’s, and giving orders for their luncheon, Kitty ran out onto the balcony, enjoying the freedom, and rapidity of movement, of which she had been deprived during the months of her pregnancy. “It’s Sergey Ivanovitch and Katavasov, a professor,” she said. “Oh, that’s a bore in this heat,” said the prince. “No, papa, he’s very nice, and Kostya’s very fond of him,” Kitty said, with a deprecating smile, noticing the irony on her father’s face. “Oh, I didn’t say anything.” “You go to them, darling,” said Kitty to her sister, “and entertain them. They saw Stiva at the station; he was quite well. And I must run to Mitya. As ill-luck would have it, I haven’t fed him since tea. He’s awake now, and sure to be screaming.” And feeling a rush of milk, she hurried to the nursery. This was not a mere guess; her connection with the child was still so close, that she could gauge by the flow of her milk his need of food, and knew for certain he was hungry. She knew he was crying before she reached the nursery. And he was indeed crying. She heard him and hastened. But the faster she went, the louder he screamed. It was a fine healthy scream, hungry and impatient. “Has he been screaming long, nurse, very long?” said Kitty hurriedly, seating herself on a chair, and preparing to give the baby the breast. “But give me him quickly. Oh, nurse, how tiresome you are! There, tie the cap afterwards, do!” The baby’s greedy scream was passing into sobs. “But you can’t manage so, ma’am,” said Agafea Mihalovna, who was almost always to be found in the nursery. “He must be put straight. A-oo! a-oo!” she chanted over him, paying no attention to the mother. The nurse brought the baby to his mother. Agafea Mihalovna followed him with a face dissolving with tenderness. “He knows me, he knows me. In God’s faith, Katerina Alexandrovna, ma’am, he knew me!” Agafea Mihalovna cried above the baby’s screams. But Kitty did not hear her words. Her impatience kept growing, like the baby’s. Their impatience hindered things for a while. The baby could not get hold of the breast right, and was furious. At last, after despairing, breathless screaming, and vain sucking, things went right, and mother and child felt simultaneously soothed, and both subsided into calm. “But poor darling, he’s all in perspiration!” said Kitty in a whisper, touching the baby. “What makes you think he knows you?” she added, with a sidelong glance at the baby’s eyes, that peered roguishly, as she fancied, from under his cap, at his rhythmically puffing cheeks, and the little red-palmed hand he was waving. “Impossible! If he knew anyone, he would have known me,” said Kitty, in response to Agafea Mihalovna’s statement, and she smiled. She smiled because, though she said he could not know her, in her heart she was sure that he knew not merely Agafea Mihalovna, but that he knew and understood everything, and knew and understood a great deal too that no one else knew, and that she, his mother, had learned and come to understand only through him. To Agafea Mihalovna, to the nurse, to his grandfather, to his father even, Mitya was a living being, requiring only material care, but for his mother he had long been a moral being, with whom there had been a whole series of spiritual relations already. “When he wakes up, please God, you shall see for yourself. Then when I do like this, he simply beams on me, the darling! Simply beams like a sunny day!” said Agafea Mihalovna. “Well, well; then we shall see,” whispered Kitty. “But now go away, he’s going to sleep.”
Source text: Project Gutenberg #1399. Public domain worldwide. Translated by Constance Garnett (1901)
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This chapter operates as a deliberate counterpoint to the novel's dominant tragic arc. Tolstoy structures the arrival of Sergey Ivanovitch and Katavasov as an intrusion of the public world — urban politics, the Serbian war, intellectual debate — into the domestic sanctuary of Pokrovskoe. The contrast is immediately spatial: the men arrive blackened with road dust, while Kitty sits on a sunlit balcony. Sergey Ivanovitch's phrase 'peaceful backwater' is repeated twice, once by him and once by Katavasov, signalling that the outside world views rural family life as a retreat from history rather than a site of meaning in its own right. Tolstoy quietly challenges that dismissal through the chapter's second movement.

The nursing scene is the chapter's moral and thematic centre. Tolstoy renders the physical bond between mother and child with precise physiological detail — the flow of milk, the baby's 'greedy scream,' the mutual perspiration — grounding what will become a philosophical claim in bodily reality. The phrase 'their impatience hindered things for a while' applies equally to Kitty and Mitya, collapsing the distance between adult consciousness and infant instinct and suggesting that desire and frustration are universal rather than merely social.

The chapter's most significant passage is Tolstoy's narratorial aside distinguishing how different characters perceive Mitya. To the grandfather, the nurse, even the father, the baby is 'a living being, requiring only material care'; to Kitty alone he is 'a moral being, with whom there had been a whole series of spiritual relations already.' This distinction between material and spiritual knowledge echoes the novel's broader epistemological argument: that the deepest truths are accessible not through reason or public discourse but through intimate, embodied relationship. Kitty's knowledge of Mitya is presented as superior precisely because it cannot be articulated or shared.

Agafea Mihalovna's insistence that the baby 'knows' her introduces a gentle comedy of competing claims to intimacy, but Tolstoy uses it to illuminate Kitty's inner life. Kitty's spoken denial and her private certainty run in opposite directions, and the narrator's disclosure of this gap reveals a character who has grown into a complex, self-aware interiority. Her smile — knowing, private, generous — marks a significant development from the anxious, socially dependent girl of the novel's opening sections.

Structurally, the chapter's two halves mirror each other: public arrival and private withdrawal, noise and quiet, the world of opinion and the world of feeling. By ending on a whispered 'he's going to sleep,' Tolstoy places stillness and nurture as the chapter's final value, implicitly answering Katavasov's question about the Serbian war before it has even been put to Levin. The domestic scene does not ignore history; it proposes an alternative scale of significance.

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✎ Mr. Shifflett's Note
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