Anna Karenina Study Guide
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Part Two, Chapter 5

Chapter Summary

At Princess Betsy's theater box, Vronsky entertains her with a comic anecdote about two young officers — later revealed to be Petritsky and Prince Kedrov — who drunkenly pursued a married woman home and sent her a love letter, only to be confronted by her outraged husband. Vronsky recounts how he acted as diplomatic mediator, repeatedly smoothing over the clerk Venden's flaring anger to protect the regiment's honor.

After Betsy departs toward the stage, Vronsky proceeds to the foyer of the French theater to report to his colonel. He explains the full background: Venden had filed a formal complaint, and the colonel had enlisted Vronsky precisely for his social rank and tact. The colonel laughs at the absurd negotiation and then turns the conversation to a celebrated French actress, Claire, dismissing the affair.

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“This is rather indiscreet, but it’s so good it’s an awful temptation to tell the story,” said Vronsky, looking at her with his laughing eyes. “I’m not going to mention any names.” “But I shall guess, so much the better.” “Well, listen: two festive young men were driving—” “Officers of your regiment, of course?” “I didn’t say they were officers,—two young men who had been lunching.” “In other words, drinking.” “Possibly. They were driving on their way to dinner with a friend in the most festive state of mind. And they beheld a pretty woman in a hired sledge; she overtakes them, looks round at them, and, so they fancy anyway, nods to them and laughs. They, of course, follow her. They gallop at full speed. To their amazement, the fair one alights at the entrance of the very house to which they were going. The fair one darts upstairs to the top story. They get a glimpse of red lips under a short veil, and exquisite little feet.” “You describe it with such feeling that I fancy you must be one of the two.” “And after what you said, just now! Well, the young men go in to their comrade’s; he was giving a farewell dinner. There they certainly did drink a little too much, as one always does at farewell dinners. And at dinner they inquire who lives at the top in that house. No one knows; only their host’s valet, in answer to their inquiry whether any ‘young ladies’ are living on the top floor, answered that there were a great many of them about there. After dinner the two young men go into their host’s study, and write a letter to the unknown fair one. They compose an ardent epistle, a declaration in fact, and they carry the letter upstairs themselves, so as to elucidate whatever might appear not perfectly intelligible in the letter.” “Why are you telling me these horrible stories? Well?” “They ring. A maid-servant opens the door, they hand her the letter, and assure the maid that they’re both so in love that they’ll die on the spot at the door. The maid, stupefied, carries in their messages. All at once a gentleman appears with whiskers like sausages, as red as a lobster, announces that there is no one living in the flat except his wife, and sends them both about their business.” “How do you know he had whiskers like sausages, as you say?” “Ah, you shall hear. I’ve just been to make peace between them.” “Well, and what then?” “That’s the most interesting part of the story. It appears that it’s a happy couple, a government clerk and his lady. The government clerk lodges a complaint, and I became a mediator, and such a mediator!... I assure you Talleyrand couldn’t hold a candle to me.” “Why, where was the difficulty?” “Ah, you shall hear.... We apologize in due form: we are in despair, we entreat forgiveness for the unfortunate misunderstanding. The government clerk with the sausages begins to melt, but he, too, desires to express his sentiments, and as soon as ever he begins to express them, he begins to get hot and say nasty things, and again I’m obliged to trot out all my diplomatic talents. I allowed that their conduct was bad, but I urged him to take into consideration their heedlessness, their youth; then, too, the young men had only just been lunching together. ‘You understand. They regret it deeply, and beg you to overlook their misbehavior.’ The government clerk was softened once more. ‘I consent, count, and am ready to overlook it; but you perceive that my wife—my wife’s a respectable woman—has been exposed to the persecution, and insults, and effrontery of young upstarts, scoundrels....’ And you must understand, the young upstarts are present all the while, and I have to keep the peace between them. Again I call out all my diplomacy, and again as soon as the thing was about at an end, our friend the government clerk gets hot and red, and his sausages stand on end with wrath, and once more I launch out into diplomatic wiles.” “Ah, he must tell you this story!” said Betsy, laughing, to a lady who came into her box. “He has been making me laugh so.” “Well, bonne chance!” she added, giving Vronsky one finger of the hand in which she held her fan, and with a shrug of her shoulders she twitched down the bodice of her gown that had worked up, so as to be duly naked as she moved forward towards the footlights into the light of the gas, and the sight of all eyes. Vronsky drove to the French theater, where he really had to see the colonel of his regiment, who never missed a single performance there. He wanted to see him, to report on the result of his mediation, which had occupied and amused him for the last three days. Petritsky, whom he liked, was implicated in the affair, and the other culprit was a capital fellow and first-rate comrade, who had lately joined the regiment, the young Prince Kedrov. And what was most important, the interests of the regiment were involved in it too. Both the young men were in Vronsky’s company. The colonel of the regiment was waited upon by the government clerk, Venden, with a complaint against his officers, who had insulted his wife. His young wife, so Venden told the story—he had been married half a year—was at church with her mother, and suddenly overcome by indisposition, arising from her interesting condition, she could not remain standing, she drove home in the first sledge, a smart-looking one, she came across. On the spot the officers set off in pursuit of her; she was alarmed, and feeling still more unwell, ran up the staircase home. Venden himself, on returning from his office, heard a ring at their bell and voices, went out, and seeing the intoxicated officers with a letter, he had turned them out. He asked for exemplary punishment. “Yes, it’s all very well,” said the colonel to Vronsky, whom he had invited to come and see him. “Petritsky’s becoming impossible. Not a week goes by without some scandal. This government clerk won’t let it drop, he’ll go on with the thing.” Vronsky saw all the thanklessness of the business, and that there could be no question of a duel in it, that everything must be done to soften the government clerk, and hush the matter up. The colonel had called in Vronsky just because he knew him to be an honorable and intelligent man, and, more than all, a man who cared for the honor of the regiment. They talked it over, and decided that Petritsky and Kedrov must go with Vronsky to Venden’s to apologize. The colonel and Vronsky were both fully aware that Vronsky’s name and rank would be sure to contribute greatly to the softening of the injured husband’s feelings. And these two influences were not in fact without effect; though the result remained, as Vronsky had described, uncertain. On reaching the French theater, Vronsky retired to the foyer with the colonel, and reported to him his success, or non-success. The colonel, thinking it all over, made up his mind not to pursue the matter further, but then for his own satisfaction proceeded to cross-examine Vronsky about his interview; and it was a long while before he could restrain his laughter, as Vronsky described how the government clerk, after subsiding for a while, would suddenly flare up again, as he recalled the details, and how Vronsky, at the last half word of conciliation, skillfully manœuvered a retreat, shoving Petritsky out before him. “It’s a disgraceful story, but killing. Kedrov really can’t fight the gentleman! Was he so awfully hot?” he commented, laughing. “But what do you say to Claire today? She’s marvelous,” he went on, speaking of a new French actress. “However often you see her, every day she’s different. It’s only the French who can do that.”
Source text: Project Gutenberg #1399. Public domain worldwide. Translated by Constance Garnett (1901)
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This chapter functions as a comic interlude that simultaneously advances Vronsky's characterization and exposes the social machinery of aristocratic St. Petersburg. The anecdote Vronsky tells Betsy is structured as a frame narrative: a story within the story of the novel itself, allowing Tolstoy to present Vronsky as a charming raconteur while also implicating him in the very world of male entitlement the story describes. Betsy's teasing — "I fancy you must be one of the two" — invites the reader to question how far Vronsky's detachment from the episode is genuine, subtly linking his social persona to the officers' reckless pursuit of a woman.

The figure of the government clerk Venden and his wife operates as a class foil. Venden's repeated emotional eruptions, his whiskers "like sausages," and his inability to sustain dignified composure contrast with Vronsky's aristocratic self-possession. Yet Tolstoy's irony cuts both ways: it is Venden who has the legitimate grievance, and his anger — however comically rendered — is morally justified. The comedy thus masks a quiet critique of how rank and social capital are deployed to suppress the rightful complaints of those lower on the social ladder.

Vronsky's self-comparison to Talleyrand is a revealing moment of self-fashioning. Talleyrand was the supreme survivor of political upheaval, a man who served every regime through calculated flexibility rather than principle. By invoking him, Vronsky unwittingly signals that his "diplomacy" is performance rather than ethics — a skill in managing appearances rather than a commitment to justice. This foreshadows the way Vronsky will later navigate his relationship with Anna: with charm and tactical intelligence, but without the moral depth the situation demands.

The setting of the theater is thematically loaded. Betsy's gesture — shrugging her shoulders and moving "forward towards the footlights into the light of the gas, and the sight of all eyes" — literalizes the chapter's preoccupation with spectacle and social performance. High society is a stage; its members are actors managing their images. The French actress Claire, praised at the chapter's close for being "different every day," ironically mirrors the aristocratic world around her: identity here is fluid, performed, and audience-dependent.

The regiment functions as a collective moral agent whose "honor" supersedes individual accountability. The colonel's concern is not with the wrong done to Venden's wife but with hushing the scandal before it damages the regiment's reputation. This institutional logic — where institutional prestige overrides personal ethics — is one Tolstoy will interrogate throughout the novel, and it quietly rhymes with the social pressures that will later bear down on Anna herself when she transgresses the codes of her class.

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